WEBVTT 00:00:01.309 --> 00:00:08.505 [music] 00:00:11.160 --> 00:00:12.750 >> What's up, sunshine? Welcome to the 00:00:12.760 --> 00:00:14.310 show. I'm Coy Wire with a special 00:00:14.320 --> 00:00:17.070 edition of CNN 10. Today, one royally 00:00:17.080 --> 00:00:18.830 intriguing topic, all 10 minutes, 00:00:18.840 --> 00:00:21.350 including a first-ever CNN 10 report 00:00:21.360 --> 00:00:23.870 from one of you, our viewers. Rise up. 00:00:23.880 --> 00:00:26.070 Today, we are diving into the difference 00:00:26.080 --> 00:00:27.750 between the British government and the 00:00:27.760 --> 00:00:29.350 British Crown. The way our friends 00:00:29.360 --> 00:00:31.190 across the pond run their country, quite 00:00:31.200 --> 00:00:32.630 different from the way we do things here 00:00:32.640 --> 00:00:35.630 in the US. Also, what roles do the king, 00:00:35.640 --> 00:00:36.870 the queen, and the prince even [music] 00:00:36.880 --> 00:00:38.990 play? Since it can get confusing, we're 00:00:39.000 --> 00:00:42.030 going to break it all down. 00:00:42.040 --> 00:00:43.790 In the US, the president is both the 00:00:43.800 --> 00:00:45.710 head of state, the country's symbolic 00:00:45.720 --> 00:00:47.350 leader, and the head of government, the 00:00:47.360 --> 00:00:49.030 person who actually runs the executive 00:00:49.040 --> 00:00:51.510 branch. The president is elected every 4 00:00:51.520 --> 00:00:53.070 years by the people. That means the 00:00:53.080 --> 00:00:55.430 citizens vote for who they want to be in 00:00:55.440 --> 00:00:58.390 charge. In the UK, that's not quite the 00:00:58.400 --> 00:01:00.870 case. Under a constitutional monarchy, 00:01:00.880 --> 00:01:02.870 power is divided between the elected 00:01:02.880 --> 00:01:04.910 government and the ceremonial role of 00:01:04.920 --> 00:01:07.390 the royal family. The prime minister is 00:01:07.400 --> 00:01:08.950 the head of government and runs the 00:01:08.960 --> 00:01:10.790 country day-to-day. But, here's the 00:01:10.800 --> 00:01:12.990 twist. Voters don't pick the prime 00:01:13.000 --> 00:01:14.790 minister directly. Instead, they vote 00:01:14.800 --> 00:01:17.190 for a political party, and the party 00:01:17.200 --> 00:01:18.550 with the most seats in Parliament 00:01:18.560 --> 00:01:20.350 chooses the prime minister. So, it's 00:01:20.360 --> 00:01:22.190 more like voting for the whole team 00:01:22.200 --> 00:01:23.910 instead of just the captain. 00:01:23.920 --> 00:01:27.590 >> Give this my all, and I ask you all to 00:01:27.600 --> 00:01:29.670 pull with me. 00:01:29.680 --> 00:01:34.150 Let's build a new national sense of 00:01:34.160 --> 00:01:35.030 unity. 00:01:35.040 --> 00:01:37.070 >> Britain also has a monarch, currently 00:01:37.080 --> 00:01:38.910 King Charles III, who is the head of 00:01:38.920 --> 00:01:41.790 state. While it is largely an apolitical 00:01:41.800 --> 00:01:43.950 role, they perform important duties such 00:01:43.960 --> 00:01:45.430 as officially appointing the prime 00:01:45.440 --> 00:01:47.350 minister, opening Parliament, and 00:01:47.360 --> 00:01:49.750 providing royal assent to bills, 00:01:49.760 --> 00:01:51.830 signifying that they have become law. 00:01:51.840 --> 00:01:53.750 Now that King Charles has taken the 00:01:53.760 --> 00:01:56.030 throne, his eldest son, William, is the 00:01:56.040 --> 00:01:58.030 first in line for the crown and his 00:01:58.040 --> 00:01:59.830 responsibilities have gotten more and 00:01:59.840 --> 00:02:02.190 more important for many reasons. Our Max 00:02:02.200 --> 00:02:04.910 Foster is here to explain. 00:02:04.920 --> 00:02:07.310 >> It used to be all high jinks and banter 00:02:07.320 --> 00:02:13.611 between William and Harry. 00:02:13.621 --> 00:02:14.630 >> [applause] 00:02:14.640 --> 00:02:16.310 >> Even after William married, there was 00:02:16.320 --> 00:02:18.350 plenty of fun to be had in front of the 00:02:18.360 --> 00:02:20.190 cameras. But from the moment his 00:02:20.200 --> 00:02:22.590 grandmother died, he became first in 00:02:22.600 --> 00:02:24.990 line to the throne and with that came a 00:02:25.000 --> 00:02:26.470 more weighty title. 00:02:26.480 --> 00:02:28.910 >> I am proud to create him Prince of 00:02:28.920 --> 00:02:32.110 Wales. 00:02:32.120 --> 00:02:33.710 >> With that, the new Prince and Princess 00:02:33.720 --> 00:02:36.310 of Wales have been elevated in position 00:02:36.320 --> 00:02:38.590 and will now be expected to step up and 00:02:38.600 --> 00:02:41.670 support the King more. 00:02:41.680 --> 00:02:43.630 William's father reinvented the role of 00:02:43.640 --> 00:02:46.310 Prince of Wales by professionalizing it. 00:02:46.320 --> 00:02:48.350 The spotlight now firmly on the new 00:02:48.360 --> 00:02:50.790 Prince and Princess of Wales, the most 00:02:50.800 --> 00:02:54.670 high-profile in history. 00:02:54.680 --> 00:02:56.510 >> While William and his father may attend 00:02:56.520 --> 00:02:58.350 and officiate many government events, 00:02:58.360 --> 00:02:59.990 the actual power still lies with the 00:03:00.000 --> 00:03:02.470 British people. In America, our politics 00:03:02.480 --> 00:03:04.550 are mostly divided into a two-party 00:03:04.560 --> 00:03:06.870 game, Democrats and Republicans. In the 00:03:06.880 --> 00:03:08.949 United Kingdom, politics plays out a 00:03:08.959 --> 00:03:10.350 little differently and with more 00:03:10.360 --> 00:03:12.110 parties. The two biggest are the 00:03:12.120 --> 00:03:13.750 Conservatives and the Labour, but there 00:03:13.760 --> 00:03:15.590 are also several others too like the 00:03:15.600 --> 00:03:17.870 Liberal Democrats, the Green Party and 00:03:17.880 --> 00:03:20.390 the Scottish National Party. 00:03:20.400 --> 00:03:23.190 >> And as [music] Big Ben strikes 10, the 00:03:23.200 --> 00:03:25.670 exit poll is predicting a Labour 00:03:25.680 --> 00:03:26.910 landslide. 00:03:26.920 --> 00:03:28.630 >> In the United Kingdom, elections for 00:03:28.640 --> 00:03:30.630 Parliament usually happen every five 00:03:30.640 --> 00:03:33.229 years. Emphasis on usually. Sometimes, 00:03:33.239 --> 00:03:34.910 if Parliament can't agree or the 00:03:34.920 --> 00:03:37.150 government loses a key vote, an early 00:03:37.160 --> 00:03:39.150 election is called. It's what they call 00:03:39.160 --> 00:03:41.030 a snap election. 00:03:41.040 --> 00:03:42.590 Once a majority government has been 00:03:42.600 --> 00:03:44.310 chosen, Parliament is in charge of 00:03:44.320 --> 00:03:46.430 making the laws. The British Parliament 00:03:46.440 --> 00:03:48.229 is bicameral, meaning it has two 00:03:48.239 --> 00:03:50.030 chambers. Much like the US has the House 00:03:50.040 --> 00:03:52.229 of Representatives and the Senate, 00:03:52.239 --> 00:03:54.150 Britain has the House of Commons and the 00:03:54.160 --> 00:03:56.550 House of Lords. The Commons members are 00:03:56.560 --> 00:03:58.990 elected by voters, while the Lords are 00:03:59.000 --> 00:04:01.310 mostly appointed or have inherited their 00:04:01.320 --> 00:04:03.630 spots. The Lords act like experienced 00:04:03.640 --> 00:04:05.270 advisers. They don't make laws by 00:04:05.280 --> 00:04:07.190 themselves, but they do review and 00:04:07.200 --> 00:04:09.550 suggest changes. This system mixes 00:04:09.560 --> 00:04:12.110 tradition with elected decision-making. 00:04:12.120 --> 00:04:14.830 Unlike the US, the UK doesn't have one 00:04:14.840 --> 00:04:17.310 single written constitution. Instead, 00:04:17.320 --> 00:04:19.229 its rules come from a mix of important 00:04:19.239 --> 00:04:21.190 documents, court decisions, and 00:04:21.200 --> 00:04:22.830 traditions that have developed over 00:04:22.840 --> 00:04:25.030 centuries. Kind of like a recipe passed 00:04:25.040 --> 00:04:27.070 down through generations. Because it's 00:04:27.080 --> 00:04:29.870 more flexible, the UK system can adapt 00:04:29.880 --> 00:04:32.750 over time. And, much like the US, the UK 00:04:32.760 --> 00:04:35.430 also has a Supreme Court that settles 00:04:35.440 --> 00:04:37.870 big legal questions and assesses whether 00:04:37.880 --> 00:04:39.710 new or existing laws follow the 00:04:39.720 --> 00:04:42.298 country's best interests. 00:04:42.308 --> 00:04:42.550 >> [music] 00:04:42.560 --> 00:04:45.150 >> Time for a did you know. The London 00:04:45.160 --> 00:04:47.190 Bridge is not falling down because it's 00:04:47.200 --> 00:04:49.150 not even called the London Bridge. And, 00:04:49.160 --> 00:04:51.310 one of you took a vacation to the UK 00:04:51.320 --> 00:04:53.390 over the summer and filed this special 00:04:53.400 --> 00:04:56.053 student report. 00:04:56.063 --> 00:05:00.638 >> [music] 00:05:00.648 --> 00:05:05.830 [music] 00:05:05.840 --> 00:05:07.630 >> Hi Koy, I'm in front of Tower Bridge in 00:05:07.640 --> 00:05:09.510 London. And, let me tell you some fun 00:05:09.520 --> 00:05:12.030 facts about this iconic landmark. Did 00:05:12.040 --> 00:05:14.310 you know Britain's most famous bridge is 00:05:14.320 --> 00:05:16.358 actually not called the London Bridge? 00:05:16.368 --> 00:05:16.909 [music] 00:05:16.919 --> 00:05:18.909 It's called the Tower Bridge. The 00:05:18.919 --> 00:05:21.110 original London Bridge isn't even in 00:05:21.120 --> 00:05:23.630 London. It was moved brick by brick to 00:05:23.640 --> 00:05:26.230 Arizona in the 1960s. 00:05:26.240 --> 00:05:28.350 Two local architects began construction 00:05:28.360 --> 00:05:31.830 on the bridge April 22nd, [music] 1886, 00:05:31.840 --> 00:05:35.030 and it opened in 1894. 00:05:35.040 --> 00:05:37.150 Around 31 million bricks were used to 00:05:37.160 --> 00:05:39.110 construct the bridge, which ended up 00:05:39.120 --> 00:05:41.270 costing [music] 1 million pounds. That 00:05:41.280 --> 00:05:43.470 would have been about 166 00:05:43.480 --> 00:05:47.030 million pounds today. Geez. 00:05:47.040 --> 00:05:49.550 Tower Bridge is a bascule bridge from 00:05:49.560 --> 00:05:53.030 the French word from seesaw or balance. 00:05:53.040 --> 00:05:55.070 Instead of using ropes or chains like a 00:05:55.080 --> 00:05:57.750 typical drawbridge, the bascules that 00:05:57.760 --> 00:05:59.710 made up sections of the road move like 00:05:59.720 --> 00:06:02.750 two giant seesaws. The sections pivot 00:06:02.760 --> 00:06:05.190 the bridge open and close, allowing 00:06:05.200 --> 00:06:08.670 boats to pass through. Until 1976, the 00:06:08.680 --> 00:06:11.590 bascules were operated by hydraulics 00:06:11.600 --> 00:06:13.510 using steam to power the enormous 00:06:13.520 --> 00:06:15.430 pumping engines. [music] Today, the 00:06:15.440 --> 00:06:17.390 bascules are operated by oil and 00:06:17.400 --> 00:06:19.950 electricity driven by hydraulic power 00:06:19.960 --> 00:06:22.030 instead of steam. 00:06:22.040 --> 00:06:24.390 It takes 206 00:06:24.400 --> 00:06:26.909 steps to reach the top of the bridge. 00:06:26.919 --> 00:06:28.230 Once there, you could [music] walk 00:06:28.240 --> 00:06:31.470 between the two towers on a glass floor. 00:06:31.480 --> 00:06:34.190 This addition came in 2014 00:06:34.200 --> 00:06:36.830 so that visitors can test their courage 00:06:36.840 --> 00:06:38.150 and snap some pictures [music] 00:06:38.160 --> 00:06:43.630 of the River below. Back to you, Coy. 00:06:43.640 --> 00:06:45.950 >> June, that was incredible. Thank you so 00:06:45.960 --> 00:06:47.750 much for sharing such fascinating facts 00:06:47.760 --> 00:06:50.510 from your summer vacation. Now, are you 00:06:50.520 --> 00:06:52.550 traveling somewhere soon or just want to 00:06:52.560 --> 00:06:53.790 show us around a cool part of your 00:06:53.800 --> 00:06:56.150 hometown? Send us your own CNN 10 field 00:06:56.160 --> 00:06:57.830 trip video, with your parents' 00:06:57.840 --> 00:06:59.030 permission, of course. Include your 00:06:59.040 --> 00:07:01.310 name, age, school, mascot, teacher, if 00:07:01.320 --> 00:07:02.710 you'd like. Send it all to 00:07:02.720 --> 00:07:04.790 cnn10@cnn.com. 00:07:04.800 --> 00:07:08.310 Can't wait to check them out. 00:07:08.320 --> 00:07:10.310 Pop quiz, hot shot. The King of England 00:07:10.320 --> 00:07:12.070 is not required to have what type of 00:07:12.080 --> 00:07:14.070 documentation? Birth certificate, 00:07:14.080 --> 00:07:15.830 driver's license, checkbook, or 00:07:15.840 --> 00:07:21.270 passport? 00:07:21.280 --> 00:07:23.870 This is actually a twofer. Passports and 00:07:23.880 --> 00:07:26.070 driving licenses are issued in the name 00:07:26.080 --> 00:07:27.790 of the monarch, so they don't need to 00:07:27.800 --> 00:07:29.750 issue one to themselves. Despite his 00:07:29.760 --> 00:07:31.950 royal highness's lack of license, the 00:07:31.960 --> 00:07:34.350 King is said to have a fleet of luxury 00:07:34.360 --> 00:07:36.710 vehicles including vintage Rolls-Royces 00:07:36.720 --> 00:07:38.270 and Jaguars. 00:07:38.280 --> 00:07:40.790 King Charles III took the throne in in 00:07:40.800 --> 00:07:42.470 after the passing of his mother, Queen 00:07:42.480 --> 00:07:44.990 Elizabeth II, who ruled for more than 70 00:07:45.000 --> 00:07:46.790 years. And while none of you are 00:07:46.800 --> 00:07:48.430 probably old enough to remember her 00:07:48.440 --> 00:07:50.350 coronation day, you will likely witness 00:07:50.360 --> 00:07:52.550 another in your lifetime. Our Randy Kaye 00:07:52.560 --> 00:07:54.950 explains the significance of the line of 00:07:54.960 --> 00:07:58.070 succession. 00:07:58.080 --> 00:08:00.550 >> Get in line if you want to be head of 00:08:00.560 --> 00:08:02.910 the British monarchy. The list of future 00:08:02.920 --> 00:08:04.990 heirs to the throne includes nearly two 00:08:05.000 --> 00:08:07.110 dozen members of the royal family. 00:08:07.120 --> 00:08:09.190 William, the Prince of Wales, is the new 00:08:09.200 --> 00:08:11.310 heir apparent. He's the eldest son of 00:08:11.320 --> 00:08:14.790 King Charles Princess Diana. 00:08:14.800 --> 00:08:17.590 In 2011, William married Kate Middleton, 00:08:17.600 --> 00:08:19.870 now the Princess of Wales. They live in 00:08:19.880 --> 00:08:21.510 a cottage on the grounds of Windsor 00:08:21.520 --> 00:08:23.470 Castle with their three children, who 00:08:23.480 --> 00:08:26.550 are next in line behind William. 00:08:26.560 --> 00:08:28.710 Their eldest, Prince George of Wales, is 00:08:28.720 --> 00:08:31.030 second in line to the throne. Princess 00:08:31.040 --> 00:08:32.630 Charlotte, William and Kate's only 00:08:32.640 --> 00:08:34.469 daughter, would come after her big 00:08:34.479 --> 00:08:37.029 brother. Then Prince Louis of Wales, 00:08:37.039 --> 00:08:40.190 their youngest. 00:08:40.200 --> 00:08:42.070 Fifth in line to the throne, Prince 00:08:42.080 --> 00:08:44.350 Harry, the Duke of Sussex. He's the 00:08:44.360 --> 00:08:46.430 younger son of King Charles and Diana 00:08:46.440 --> 00:08:49.670 and William's only sibling. 00:08:49.680 --> 00:08:52.270 Harry married Meghan Markle in 2018 00:08:52.280 --> 00:08:54.190 after they met on a blind date. They 00:08:54.200 --> 00:08:55.470 have two children and live in 00:08:55.480 --> 00:08:57.990 California. Their son, Prince Archie, is 00:08:58.000 --> 00:09:00.310 in line after his father. His sister, 00:09:00.320 --> 00:09:03.190 Princess Lilibet, would be next. Lilibet 00:09:03.200 --> 00:09:05.470 is seventh in line to the throne. As the 00:09:05.480 --> 00:09:07.870 Queen's 11th great-grandchild, she is 00:09:07.880 --> 00:09:09.710 the most senior royal in the line of 00:09:09.720 --> 00:09:12.550 succession to have been born overseas in 00:09:12.560 --> 00:09:14.110 California. 00:09:14.120 --> 00:09:16.310 King Charles' brother, Prince Andrew, is 00:09:16.320 --> 00:09:18.270 eighth in line despite being stripped of 00:09:18.280 --> 00:09:20.550 his royal title. Andrew stepped away 00:09:20.560 --> 00:09:23.150 from royal duties in 2019. 00:09:23.160 --> 00:09:25.070 Prince Andrew had married Sarah Ferguson 00:09:25.080 --> 00:09:27.950 in 1986 and had two daughters before 00:09:27.960 --> 00:09:30.790 divorcing a decade later. Princess 00:09:30.800 --> 00:09:33.350 Beatrice, now 34 and ninth in line after 00:09:33.360 --> 00:09:35.390 her father, gave birth to daughter 00:09:35.400 --> 00:09:39.350 Sienna Elizabeth Mapelli Mozzi in 2021, 00:09:39.360 --> 00:09:41.990 who is now 10th in line to the throne. 00:09:42.000 --> 00:09:44.430 That makes Princess Eugenie, Beatrice's 00:09:44.440 --> 00:09:47.630 sister, 11th. Her son, August Philip 00:09:47.640 --> 00:09:49.590 Hawke, is 12th. 00:09:49.600 --> 00:09:51.230 Prince Edward, the youngest child of 00:09:51.240 --> 00:09:53.230 Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip, is 00:09:53.240 --> 00:09:55.950 13th in the line of succession. Edward's 00:09:55.960 --> 00:09:58.470 official title is the Earl of Wessex. 00:09:58.480 --> 00:10:01.390 His two children, James Viscount Severn 00:10:01.400 --> 00:10:03.310 and his older sister Lady Louise 00:10:03.320 --> 00:10:05.750 Mountbatten-Windsor, are in line behind 00:10:05.760 --> 00:10:07.870 their father. Princess Anne, who was 00:10:07.880 --> 00:10:09.870 actually the second child born to the 00:10:09.880 --> 00:10:12.230 Queen and Prince Philip, falls last 00:10:12.240 --> 00:10:13.710 behind her three brothers and their 00:10:13.720 --> 00:10:16.910 children. That's because the 1701 Act of 00:10:16.920 --> 00:10:18.870 Settlement, which lays down the rules of 00:10:18.880 --> 00:10:21.830 succession, allowed for younger sons to 00:10:21.840 --> 00:10:25.910 move ahead of older daughters in line. 00:10:25.920 --> 00:10:28.830 The 2013 Succession to the Crown Act 00:10:28.840 --> 00:10:31.230 changed that, but only applies to those 00:10:31.240 --> 00:10:35.070 born after October 28th, 2011. That 00:10:35.080 --> 00:10:37.710 leaves Princess Anne 16th in line to the 00:10:37.720 --> 00:10:39.350 throne. 00:10:39.360 --> 00:10:41.110 >> All right, superstars. That's all for 00:10:41.120 --> 00:10:42.829 today's special edition. Wherever you 00:10:42.839 --> 00:10:44.510 are in this world, just know that you 00:10:44.520 --> 00:10:46.350 are royally awesome and we are so 00:10:46.360 --> 00:10:48.110 thankful for you spending part of your 00:10:48.120 --> 00:10:49.870 day with us. You're our cup of tea. See 00:10:49.880 --> 00:10:51.630 you next time. I'm Coy Wire and we are 00:10:51.640 --> 00:10:54.680 CNN 10.